Exam #5

•Which of the following changes occur to the plant cells that make up a piece of potato when placed in a concentrated salt solution?

The turgor pressure increases within the cytoplasm of plant cells
The osmotic pressure decreases within the vacuoles of plant cells
The osmotic pressure increases within the vacuoles of plant cells
The cell swells

•The largest fused vertebra in the vertebral column is the vertebra number……..

19
23
24
25

•All the following are true about the clavicle except it is …………..

Involved in the shoulder joint
A long bone
More liable to fracture
Connected to the axial skeleton

•The type of stimulus that causes sleeping movement in some legumes is ……..

Gravity
Touch
Light
Humidity

Which of the following graphs correctly represents the relation between the number of muscle fibers that make up the skeletal muscle (X axis) and the force of contraction (Y axis), when stimulated by a stimulus if an appropriate intensity ?

A
B
C
D

•All the hormones secreted by the endocrine glands in the human body are similar in ………

Chemical structure
The site of the receptors, in the living cell, that hormones bind to.
Type of activity that stimulates glands and other body organs
Being secreted in very small amounts

•Which of the following is not from the functions of thyroxine in the human body ?

Maintains the normal body temperature
Increases the amount of calcium in the blood
Marinating a normal heart rate
Regulating the metabolic rate

•Which of the following hormones affect the digestion of proteins only ?

Insulin
Gastrin
Secretin
adrenaline

•In unicellular living organisms, budding differs from binary fission in the …..

Size of resulting cells
Number of resulting cells
Number of resulting chromosomal sets
Type of division

•Which of the following pairs are different in the chromosomal set?

Males of each of honey bee and aphid insect
honey bee drones and spirogyra alga
Females of each of honey bee and aphid insect
Aphid insect males and honey bee workers

•From the opposite graph that represents the chromosomal sets in the life cycle of a living organism :

•The Figure expresses the …………

Scalariform conjugation in spirogyra
Natural parthenogenesis in aphid insect
Sexual reproduction by gametes
Natural parthenogenesis in the honey be insect

•Adiantum grows on the edges of shady wells and channels, water is required to complete sexual and asexual reproduction of Adiantum.

The two statements are correct, and not related.
The two statements are correct, and related.
The first statement is correct and the second is incorrect.
The first statement is incorrect and the second is correct

•Which of the following statements is correct about Polypodium sporophyte ?

Haploid produced by sexual reproduction.
Haploid produced by asexual reproduction.
Diploid produced by sexual reproduction.
Diploid produced by asexual reproduction.

•All the following are from the characteristics of the angiosperms, except that they ……

Reproduce sexually and asexually
Produce their seeds inside a perianth
Are called seeded plants
Are called flowering plants

•if you know that the corn plant has hermaphrodite flowers, Which of the following choices expresses the type of pollination that can occur in corn plants?

Self-pollination only.
Cross pollination only.
Self or cross pollination.
It does not get pollinated.

•Which of the following is numerically equal to the number of nuclei that Participate in the formation of a wheat grain?

The number of antipodal cells produced by the division of two spore mother cells.
The number of fertilized eggs in a natural watermelon fruit.
The number of degenerated cells in the embryonic sac after fertilization.
The number of fertilized eggs in a pea pod of 6 seeds.

•The male gamete does not store food, the male gamete loses most of its cytoplasm during its formation.

The two statements are correct, and not related.
The two statements are correct, and related.
The first statement is correct and the second is incorrect.
The first statement is incorrect and the second is correct

•The previous diagram illustrates the formation of a …….

Male gamete in plant
Male gamete in human
female gamete in plant
All of the above

•The number of primary oocytes needed to form 18 polar bodies, when complete meiotic divisions has occurred, is …………..

6
12
18
20

•Which of the following statements describes the opposite graph correctly?

The efficiency of endometrium decreases with aging
The best age for pregnancy is 38 years old
The relation between the embryos’ deformities and the mother’s age is inversely
The quality of ova decreases with aging

From the opposite figure that illustrates a section in the ovary, which choice in the following table represents each of the hormones (X), (Y), (Z) and (L)?

A
B
C
D

Which of the following figures expresses the stages of division in fallopian tube?

A
B
C
D

•Which of the following statements is correct?

Fraternal twins always have the same sex
Identical twins always have the same sex
Fraternal twins always differ in sex
Identical twins always differ in sex

•On implanting a nucleus of a cell of mouse embryo (A) in the place of a nucleus of unfertilized ovum of mouse (B) in the uterus of a third mother (C). So it grows and develops into a new individual whose characters belong to the ………

Mother (A) only
Mothers (A) and (B) together
Mother (C) only
Mother (B) only

•The old-aged woody plants are more resistant to drought than the herbaceous plants, due to the presence of …….

Cellulose
Lignin
Cutin
Suberin

•Which of the following statements applies to tyloses?

They act on increasing the diameter of tracheids
They appear in the transverse section of the infected stem
They are structures that always found in the plant
They prevent the entry of microbe into the plant

•The main reason that makes the spinal fig plant more resistant to the infections is ………

The chemical substances that are secreted by the plant
The environmental nature of plant
The external epidermis of the plant surface
The plant cell walls

•Which of the following doesn’t prevent the entry of microbe into the plant tissues ?

Formation of tyloses
Swelling of cell walls of epidermal cells
Deposition of lignin on the cell walls
Presence of waxy layer on the surface of plant leaves

•The leaves of some plants may contain inhibitors for the germination of the spores of some pathogens, and this is considered a means of the …..

Biochemical immunity that results as a response to the infection with a microbe
Structural immunity that results as a response to the infection with a microbe
Pre-existing structural immunity in plant
Pre-existing biochemical immunity in plant

•Which of the following plants is the most resistant to the infection by diseases?

Spiny fig plant
Mulukhiyah plant
Corn plant
Bean plant

•All the following compounds affect directly the pathogens in plants, except……..

Phenols
Detoxifying enzymes
Canavanine
cephalosporin

•Study the opposite graph which illustrates the plant response to an infection, then conclude what could be the substance (Y)

Lignin
Cutin in the cuticle
Canavanine
Tyloses

•Each of B-cells and T-cells are activated by the ………

Activated B-cells
Macrophages
Macrophages
Helper T-cells

•The substances that work only in the presence of antibodies are ……

Chemokines
Interferons
Complements
interleukins

•The person whose body can form antibodies against some types of bacteria and can’t destroy body cells infected with viruses, may have a disturbance in the …….

Neutrophils
Monocytes
Natural killer cells
Plasma B-cells

The opposite graph illustrates the concentration of the three types of T-cells in blood of a person after the entry of a pathogen, which choice in the following table could represent these cells?

A
B
C
D

Which of the following is more specific?

A
B
C
D

•The substances that increase at the site of injury are …….

Chemokines
Interferons
Interleukins
complements

•The base for the action of mucus as a defense line is that it is ……

A viscous substance
An acidic substance
An activity substance for the immune cells
A toxic substance for all microbes

•The chemical substance(s) that is (are) secreted from some immune cells and cause(s) the increase of temperature in the infected part of the body is (are) …..

Cytokines
Perforin
Histamine
Antibodies

•The opposite figure illustrates the concentration of Antibodies that are produced as a response to a type of antigens, in the secondary immune response, it is expected that the lymphokines are secreted on the …….. day

28th
10th
25th
32th

•In the opposite figure, the letter (X) represents a …..

Macrophage
Suppressor T-cells
neutrophil
Helper T-cells

•The enzymes that hydrolyze the hemoglobin are secreted from the …..

B-cells
Macrophages
T-cells
Mast cells

•Which of the following is from the characteristics of antibody (IgM) ?

It is produced by the natural killer cells
It contains 5 antigen-binding sites
It contains 5 constant regions
It binds to basophils and neutrophils

Study the following diagram, then answer: The letters (Z), (L) and (M) refer to ……. respectively

Cytokines / lymphokines / suppressor T-cells
Cytokines / interleukins / suppressor T-cells
lymphokines / Cytokines / suppressor T-cells
lymphokines / Cytokines / interleukins

•The opposite graph illustrates the immune response at the first and second infections by a certain microbe, in which period does the action memory B-cells appear?

(B) –> (C)
(A) –> (B)
(D) –> (E)
(E) — (F)

•All the following are from the characteristics of the virus , except that……

It can replicate inside the prokaryotic cells
It can replicate in the absence of the host
It can replicate inside the eukaryotic cells
Its genetic material may be RNA or DNA

•The structures that enable the acquired immune system to recognize the pathogens are the …………

Cytokines
Antibodies
Interleukins
Antigens

•The opposite graph illustrates the concentration of antibodies in blood plasma of a person that is infected by a pathogen for the first time, the absence of antibodies in the first three days could be explained through the …

Inability of immune cells to recognize the antigens of the pathogen
Strength of the pathogen at the moment of its entry into the body
Inability of macrophages to engulf the antigens of the pathogen
Low numbers of specialized B-cells and T-cells

•If you know that the serum is considered as ready-made Antibodies against the pathogenic microbe, while the vaccine is considered the pathogenic microbe itself in a dead or a weak form. So, the long-term artificial immunity is acquired by ………..

The vaccination
Repeating the exposure to the infection
The infection with serum
The infection with a dangerous disease

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