Chapter 5 part 1 - Questions

•The following table illustrates the events that occur during DNA replication ·

•Which of the following choices represents the correct arrangement of these events?.

3->4->2->1
3->1->4->2
3->1->2->4
3->2->4->1

•If you know that the cell division is activated by the protein (X) that stimulates DNA replication, and the division is stopped by the protein (Y) that acts on terminating the action of protein (X). The two following figures illustrate the nucleotides sequences on DNA for the structure of protein (Y) in the two cells (A) and (B), study them, then answer :

•The change of cell (A) to cell (B) represents ………………

a gene mutation.
a chromosomal mutation.
a transformed nucleic acid.
an induced mutation.

•If you know that the cell division is activated by the protein (X) that stimulates DNA replication, and the division is stopped by the protein (Y) that acts on terminating the action of protein (X). The two following figures illustrate the nucleotides sequences on DNA for the structure of protein (Y) in the two cells (A) and (B), study them, then answer :

•The reason for the formation of cancer cell (B) is that ……………….

The protein (X) became ineffective, therefore the cells division is stopped and they are getting old.
the effectiveness of proteins (X) and (Y) increase more than the required to the cell.
the protein (Y) became ineffective, therefore the cells divide continuously and randomly.
the formation of a protein that differs from the protein (X) in the physiological properties.

•The following sequences (1) and (2) represent a part of the gene that is responsible for insulin production:

The normal gene (I): C-C-G-A-A-G-A-A-G-A-T-G-T-G-A-G-G-A-T-T-C
The abnormal gene (2): C-C-G-G-A-G-A-A-G-A-T-G-T-G-A-G-G-A-T-T-C

• The reason for the appearance of diabetes mellitus disease on the person with the abnormal gene is the occurrence of a ……

change in the structure of insulin as a result of a gene mutation.
mutation as a result of replacing the base (G) with the base (A).
change in the gene not in the resulting protein.
change in the structure of chromosome that carries the insulin gene.

•All the following are from the reasons that cause the death of mice, after injecting them with the bacterial strain (S) , except the……

occurrence of severe pneumonia.
transformation of bacterial genetic material.
inability of mice immune system to destroy this strain.
continuity of genetic material of bacteria to replicate.

•Before starting the process illustrated in the following figure, it is required the occurrence of ……..

unwounding DNA strand into a string of nucleosomes.
detaching the two joined ends of DNA molecule.
shortening of DNA molecule by using proteins .
providing DNA replication enzymes.

•The number of turns that are present in a piece of DNA double helix containing 1000 nucleotides is ……… turns.

50
100
150
200

•From the following table, we can conclude that the enzymes (X), (Y) and (Z) are .. …respectively.

ligase / helicase / polymerase
helicase / ligase / deoxyribonuclease
Deoxyribonuclease / polymerase I helicase
Polymerase / helicase / ligase

•From the opposite figure , we can conclude that the structures (X), (Y) and (Z) are ………… respectively.

phosphate group / ribose sugar I thymine
phosphate group / deoxyribose sugar I adenine
ribose sugar I guanine / phosphate group
deoxyribose sugar I phosphate group / cytosine

•Supposing that during DNA replication of yeast fungus, a damage of two opposite nitrogenous bases has occurred at the same time in a part of DNA that represents a code, therefore this disturbance leads to the .

occurrence of a mutation in the mother cell only.
occurrence of a mutation in the daughter cells only.
occurrence of a mutation in the mother cell and daughter cells.
non-occurrence of a mutation.

In the opposite diagram, bacteria (S) represents a virulent bacterial strain, where it had been added to the bacterial strain (R) before and after treating it with the enzymes no. (1), (2) and (3) respectively, in order to test the bacterial transformation process. What do these enzymes represent ?

A
B
C
D

•The ………………. is(are) responsible for the genetic information in DNA molecule.

Deoxyribose sugar
Nitrogenous bases
Phosphate groups
Arrangement of nucleotides

•The amount of DNA in the ovum of an aphid insect female that produces females by parthenogenesis is ……… its amount in the ovum of aphid that produces males.

Half
Double
Equal to
quarter

•If a sample of DNA contains 300 pairs of nucleotides, where 140 nitrogenous bases of them are cytosine. What is the number of the remaining units?

140
160
280
460

•The hair and skin of some people are characterized by being white colored, as a result of occurring a disturbance in the production of melanin pigment in the skin and hair cells, and this is due to the occurrence of ……… in the parents.

A true gene mutation.
A false gene mutation.
A false chromosomal mutation.
A false spontaneous mutatuion.

•From the opposite figure:

•If the labelled nucleotides by radioactive nitrogen (15N) are used during replication process, which of the opposite strands will contain (15N) ?

1 and 3.
2 and 3
1 and 2
1 and 4

•The following table shows the DNA amount in three different organisms’ cells, what do you conclude from analyzing the data written in this table ?

Purines are complement with pyrimidines.
The amount of DNA in hepatic cell is double that in the sperm.
The amount of DNA increases by increasing the evolution degree of the living organism.
The amount of DNA decreases by increasing the evolution degree of the living organism.

•The (3’) end of nucleic acid can be determined in the……

Bacteria.
Viruses.
Mitochondria.
Plasmids.

•The reason why Hershey and Chase used the radioactive sulphur in labelling the coat of bacteriophage is that the ………..

sulphur is highly reactive.
proteins can't bind with phosphorus.
amino acids of protein coat contain Sulphur.
sulphur is differentiated from the other elements forming the coat of bacteriophage.

•Which of the following is not considered a reason for the appearance of some feminine characters on man ?

A decrease in one of the somatic chromosomes.
An increase in one of the sex chromosomes .
An increase in the level of estrogen in blood.
A decrease in the level of testosterone in blood.

•On crossing two plants where the chromosomal set of the first plant is (4n) and the chromosomal set of the second plant is (6n), a plant of chromosomal set (7n) is produced. The reason for this is that……

The chromosomes of the first plant are not reduced during the gametes formation.
the chromosomes of the second plant are not reduced during the gametes formation.
the chromosomes of each of the two plants are not reduced during the gametes formation.
None of the above.

•The number of purine bases in the double-stranded segment of the opposite DNA strand is ………………

4
5
8
9

•From the opposite figure, which pieces their 5′ formation starts first ? ………………

(1) and (4).
(3) and (4).
(2) and (3).
(1) and (3).

“Salamander contains a huge genome”, “due to the large. Amount of proteins that are produced by it”

the two statements are correct.
the two statements are wrong.
the first statement is correct and the second statement is wrong.
the first statement is wrong and the second statement is correct.

•Which of the following statements is applied to the opposite figure ?

The letter (X) represents the ligase enzyme and the letter (Z) represents the helicase enzyme.
The letter (X) represents the ligase enzyme and the letter (Y) represents the polymerase enzyme.
The letter (Y) represents the ligase enzyme and the letter (Z) represents the helicase enzyme.
Each of the two letters (X) and (Y) represents the polymerase enzyme.

•The genetic material of viruses which have a high rate for the occurrence of mutation, differs from the genetic material of their host cell in that the…….

genetic material of these viruses can't be hybridized.
genetic material of these viruses consists of 4 types of amino acids.
genetic material of the host cell consists of 20 types of amino acids
genetic material of these viruses is found in the form of single strand.

•A group of students wanted to carry out the experiment of Hershey and Chase again, one of them suggested labelling the viral DNA with radioactive nitrogen, therefore it is expected that the …………….

Experiment can't be carried out, due to the absence of radioactive nitrogen.
Experiment can be carried out, but it will take a longer time, as the half life time of radioactive nitrogen is thousands of years.
Students will reach the same results of Hershey and Chase, as DNA contains nitrogenous bases.
Students will not reach the results of Hershey and Chase, as nitrogen is present in the amino acids.

•In a scientific experiment, the researcher put Spirogyra alga in a water basin containing a source of CO2 gas and phosphate, but it is devoid of the nitrogenous compounds, then he determined the amount of biological macromolecules that are present in the alga before and after leaving it in that medium for a few weeks. Which of the following graphs expresses the results of this experiment ? ……………….

A
B
C
D

•In the opposite diagram :

•The letters (X) , (Y) and (Z) represents …… respectively.

structural proteins/ RNA/ regulatory proteins
histone proteins/ DNA/ non-histone proteins
arginine / phosphate / lysine
plasmid/ circular DNA/ chromosome

•In the opposite diagram :

•The two processes (A) and (B) are described that they are……

opposite where (A) represents unwounding and (B) represents packaging.
opposite where (A) represents packaging and (B) represents unwounding.
complementary where (A) represents packaging and (B) represents unwounding.
complementary where (A) represents unwounding and (B) represents packaging.

•When a mutation occurs in the DNA that is present in the mitochondria of the gametes of both father and mother. So, this inherited mutation is transferred from the………

Father to his sons only.
Father to his sons and daughters.
Mother to her daughters only.
Mother to her daughters and sons.

•The new DNA strands are built in 5- 3 direction in bacteriophage by ……. enzyme.

viral helicase
bacterial ligase
bacterial DNA polymerase
viral deoxyribonuclease

•If we suppose that the number of amino acids types that enter in the formation of all proteins is 12 types only, what is the number of nucleotides that form the amino acid code?

39
36
3
2

•The opposite figure represents a piece of a nucleic acid strand:

•Letter (B) could represent all the following, except ..

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
uracil

•All the following enzymes work inside the nucleus, except ..

DNA polymerase.
Taq polymerase.
mRNA polymerase.
helicase

•In the opposite figure :

•Which of the following statements is correct ?

(X) could be changed into (Z) directly in viruses.
(Y) couldn't be changed into (X).
(Y) is formed from (X) by transcription process and (Z) is formed from (Y) by translation process.
Polymerase and ligase enzymes are used to synthesis (Z).

Which of the following is correct?

A
B
C
D

•The …. determines the binding of tRNA molecule with the amino acid.

codon on DNA strand
codon on mRNA strand
anticodon on tRNA strand
amino acid binding site on tRNA strand

•The …. determines the protein resulted from the translation of mRNA molecule.

Presence of rRNA.
Presence of ribosomes.Presence of ribosomes.
Sequence of nucleotides on tRNA molecules.
Sequence of nucleotides on each of mRNA and DNA molecules.

Which of the following choices expresses the letters in the following figure…

A
B
C
D

Chapter 5 part 1 – Questions

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