Chapter 2 - questions

The opposite figure represents a plant seedling fixed on a surface rotating horizontally and exposed to light from one side only, then the seedling had been rotated for two days and left fixed for other two days. Which of the following figures illustrates what would happen to the seedling after four days ?

A
B
C
D

•Which of the following physiological changes isn’t expected to happen in a person suffering from a disturbance in the secretions of the pituitary gland ?

Slowing down the metabolism.
Increasing the glycogen amount in muscles.
The formation of low concentrated urine.
Increasing the concentration of the nitrogenous wastes in urine.

From the opposite graph, what happens when the hormone secretion rate inthe two stages from (2)->(3) and from (5) -> (6) is constant ?

Decreasing the body weight.
The constancy of protein synthesis rate.
The increase in the protein destruction rate.
The constancy of fats formation rate.

What happens when a person drinks a huge amount of water ?

A
B
C
D

•Which of the following hormones is inhibited during pregnancy to prevent the contraction of the uterine muscles ?

oxytocin.
FSH
Progesterone.
Estrogen.

•It is expected that the inactivity of the hypothalamus region leads to

decreasing urination
decreasing thirst.
increasing the urine osmolarity
decreasing the urine osmolarity.

•What happens when the atrophy of the neuro-secretory cells that are found in the hypothalamus of a pregnant woman in her 6th month takes place ?

The pregnancy has been completed.
Abortion occurs
The milk rush increases directly after delivery.
The contraction of the uterine muscles increases on delivery.

•Which of the following hormones doesn’t play a role in accomplishing the cellular respiration ?

Thyroxine
Parathormone
Insulin
Adrenaline

•From the opposite figure, answer : By assuming that there is an insufficiency in gland (X) , what are the consequences of that ?

Calcium level increases h blood and the interstitial cells increase.
Sodium level decreases in blood and the sperms count decreases.
Glucose level increases in blood and testosterone hormone decreases.
Potassium level decreases in blood and testosterone hormone increases.

•Which of the following structures produces a hormone acting o1t the secretion of estrogen hormone ?

Two ovaries.
Adrenal gland cortex.
The anterior lobe of pituitary gland.
The posterior lobe of pituitary gland.

•Which of the following is an example for two hormones whose actions antagonize each other

Thyroxine and parathormone
Insulin and glucagon
Progesterone and estrogen
Adrenaline and noradrenaline

•Which of the following isn’t secreted from a mixed gland

Insulin
Adrenaline
Glucagon
testosterone

•The infection with cholera bacteria leads to secreting toxic substances in the small intestine of the infected person which leads to losing a huge amount of the body water and salts. The effect of these toxins antagonizes the action of ….. hormones.

oxytocin and cholecystokinin
aldosterone and ADH
thyroxine and aldosterone
adrenaline and secretin

In the opposite figure, increasing the secretion of region (Y) hormones ……….. region (X) hormones.

Increases
decreases
prevents the secretion of
doesn't affect

•The stimulating substance of the secretory cells of adrenaline hormone is ………..

ACTH
Acetylcholine
Insulin
TSH

•The opposite graph represents the glucose level in blood before and after eating a meal rich in carbohydrates. which of the following statements isn’t correct about the physiological processes that occur during this period ?

The glucose absorption from the small intestine increases during period (Y).
The glycogen level in liver increases in period (X).
The insulin level in blood increases in period (Y).
The glucagon level in blood increases in period (X).

•Which of the following is from the common functions between cortisone and adrenaline?

Decreasing the metabolic rate.
Decreasing the blood pressure.
Reducing the immune system activity
Increasing the glucose level in blood.

•Which of the following isn’t correct about the hormone and the tissue that is affected by it ?

Progesterone / The uterine muscles.
LH / Interstitial cells.
Oxytocin / The mammary glands
Testosterone / The prostate gland.

•In the opposite figure, which of the following doesn’t characterize cells (X) ?

They secrete hormones during fasting time.
They control the protein metabolism.
All of them have internal secretions directly
Their action is regulated by a neuro-connection.

•The opposite graph shows the glucose consumption rate and the glycogen storage rate in three organs (X), (Y) and (Z):What do these organs represent respectively

Intestine / Stomach / Liver.
Kidney / Liver / Muscles.
Muscles / Liver / Kidney.
Thyroid gland / Kidney / Pancreas.

•Which of the following hormonal changes control the contraction of the uterine wall muscles?

estrogen inhibits the contraction and progesterone stimulates it.
Progesterone inhibits the contraction and oxytocin stimulates it.
Oxytocin inhibits the contraction and FSH stimulates it.
FSH inhibits the contraction and estrogen stimulates it.

•The following diagram shows how the glucose level is adjusted in blood :

•What does substance (X) represent ?

Insulin
Glucagon
Thyroxine
adrenaline

•Which of the following cells have the least need for insulin ?

Skin cells.
Nerve cells.
Muscle cells.
Liver cells,

•From the opposite diagram : What do hormones (X), (Y) and (Z) represent respectively ?

FSH / LH / Thyroxine.
FSH / LH / Testosterone.
LH / FSH / Testosterone.
TSH / ACTH / Aldosterone

•The two opposite figures represent a healthy person and a diabetic patient, which of the following is the reason for the disease ?

The cells are insulin resistant.
Pancreas isn’t able lo secrete insulin.
Decreasing the glucose level in the patient blood.
The absence of insulin receptors

•From the following information :
(1) The pituitary gland hormones stimulate the ovaries and testes to secrete hormones. (2) The hyperexcretion of testosterone hormone increases the secretion of LH hormone. (3) The estrogen hormone secretion is controlled through the relation between the ovary and the pituitary gland. Which of the previous statements is correct ?

1 only
3 only
1 and 2
1 and 3

•Study the opposite figure, Which of the following statements is correct ?

(X)and (Y)compounds are secreted as a response to the nerve impulse (Z).
By cutting the neuro-connection (Z), pancreas doesn't secrete its digestive juice.
Hormone (X) is a regulator for one of the pancreatic functions.
All the glands in the figure are mixed glands.

•Which of the following hormones doesn’t affect the heartbeats when its secretion increases?

TSH
Thyroxine.
adrenaline
Secretin.

•Which of the following isn’t correct about the hormone and its target cells

Thyroxine /all the body cells.
Insulin / Liver cells and muscles only.
Glucagon / Liver cells.
Secretin / Vesicular cells in pancreas only.

•In the opposite figure, each of (X) and ( Y ) represents two essential elements for transmitting the nerve impulse, while (Z) represents the highest percentage of the urine contents. Aldosterone hormone affects the transmission of……

(Y) and (Z)
(X) and (Y)
(Y) only
(Z) only

Chapter 2 – questions

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